Re: [新聞] 扁要美國負起「佔領台」義務　要求重新 … - 法律

※ [本文轉錄自 Gossiping 看板]

作者: bomberhack (炸彈客) 看板: Gossiping
標題: Re: [新聞] 扁要美國負起「佔領台」義務　要求重新 …
時間: Tue Sep 22 21:55:20 2009

※ 引述《timbear (提姆熊)》之銘言：
: 舊金山和約固然很重要, 日本也在舊金山和約中說明放棄對台澎金馬的管轄權
: 舊金山和約生效前的幾小時, 作為戰敗國的日本,
: 也和中華民國簽了一份中日和約, 這是所謂台獨人士故意忽略的
: 中日和約第十條, 說明台澎人民的主權由ROC取得
你完全錯認舊金山合約與台北合約的關係,
舊金山合約乃為二次大戰太平洋戰爭在國際法法律上的終結,
這其中當時世界各國參戰國都是認同的,
(除了蘇聯跟中華民國)

中華民國跟蘇聯之所以可以另外跟日本就太平洋戰爭簽訂戰後合約,
是根據舊金山合約第26條所規定,
日本才有權跟未在舊金山合約簽署的國家另外簽訂合約,

http://www.oceantaiwan.com/society/20040317.htm

Article 26 第 26 條　【兩國之間之和平】 第二十六条　【二国間の平和条約】
Japan will be prepared to conclude with any State which signed or adhered to
the United Nations Declaration of 1 January 1942, and which is at war with
Japan, or with any State which previously formed a part of the territory of a
State named in Article 23, which is not a signatory of the present Treaty, a
bilateral Treaty of Peace on the same or substantially the same terms as are
provided for in the present Treaty, but this obligation on the part of Japan
will expire three years after the first coming into force of the present
Treaty. Should Japan make a peace settlement or war claims settlement with
any State granting that State greater advantages than those provided by the
present Treaty, those same advantages shall be extended to the parties to the
present Treaty.

第 26 條　【兩國之間之和平】
日本將與任何或支持、簽署 1942 年 1 月 1 日「聯合國宣言」、或
者與日本處於戰爭狀態國家、或依據第 23 條之列舉先前為該國一部分領土的國家而此國
家非本條約簽署國，在本條約實質上相同條件下，簽訂雙邊和平條約。但日本之此項義務
，僅止於本條約對個別聯盟國首次生效日起 3 年內有效。若日本與任一國家簽訂和平協
議或戰爭請求協議，並賦予該國優於本條約所定之條款，此優惠待遇應自動擴及本條約所
有簽署國。

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注意:第26條寫的很清楚此優惠待遇應自動擴及本條約所有簽署國,
也就是你另外簽訂的合約,
有什麼優惠條件比舊金山條約好,
都應該同等互惠於其他舊金山條約的簽署國家,

這等於是說中日合約只是舊金山的子合約,
效力不可能超過舊金山合約,

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http://law.moj.gov.tw/Scripts/Query4A.asp?FullDoc=all&Fcode=Y0010076
上面這是中日合約全文

http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/hoon-ting/article?mid=12140

上面是關於中日合約中華民國未擁有台灣澎湖主權的證據,
且中日合約第十條講的是國籍,
並非主權,
請搞清楚,


且中日合約的簽署人葉公超親口承認"日本無權將台灣澎湖主權交還給中國"
(不論是PRC還是ROC)

這是給美國國務院於1971年7月13日「台灣法律地位」備忘錄

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中華民國外交部長葉公超向立法院說明，在〈舊金山和約〉之下「並無（將這些島嶼）還
給中國的規定。」他說：「基於這些領土原來就是我們的，以及現在被我們所控制，更加
上日本已經在〈中日和約〉中放棄，因此，它們事實上還給我們。」

在其他事項上，外交部長葉公超說：「〈舊金山和約〉也都沒有條文要決定台灣與澎湖的
前途。」

在立法院針對〈中日和約〉的質詢中，外交部長葉公超說：「福爾摩沙與澎湖的地位如何
？」他說：「福爾摩沙與澎湖先前是中國的領土。當日本放棄對於福爾摩沙與澎湖的主張
後，只有中國具有接管的權利。事實上，我們現在正在控制它，無可置疑的，它成為我們
領土的一部份。但是，微妙的國際情勢讓它不屬於我們。在目前的情況下，日本無權將福
爾摩沙與澎湖移轉給我們；日本即使想移轉，我們也不能接受…。在〈中日和約〉我們已
經制訂條文表明包括福爾摩沙與澎湖合法的居民為中國國籍，此條文可能對未來任何福爾
摩沙與澎湖歸還我們時的障礙稍做彌補。」

: http://www.taiwandocuments.org/taipei01.htm
: For the purposes of the present Treaty, nationals of the Republic of
: China shall be deemed to include all the inhabitants and former inhabitants
: of Taiwan (Formosa) and Penghu (the Pescadores) and their descendents who are
: of the Chinese nationality in accordance with the laws and regulations which
: have been or may hereafter be enforced by the Republic of China in Taiwan
: (Formosa) and Penghu (the Pescadores); and juridical persons of the Republic
: of China shall be deemed to include all those registered under the laws and
: regulations which have been or may hereafter be enforced by the Republic of
: China in Taiwan (Formosa) and Penghu (the Pescadores).
: (wiki翻譯: 台灣澎湖等地人民均成為中華民國國民。如果台灣主權屬於台灣人民，那麼台灣主權屬於
: 中華民國所有。)
: 控美案只是單挑舊金山和約來說, 不論美國法院如何判決, ROC的法人地位都不會動搖
: 民進黨的邏輯總是習慣想抹掉歷史, 也許ROC現在被承認的國家數目很少
: 但不代表這個法人地位不曾存在
: 如果說ROC的法人地位消失
: 那麼1954年12月3日美國與ROC簽署的中美共同防禦條約
: 其中第六款中指出, ROC所指的領域包含台灣及澎湖
: http://usinfo.org/sino/dtreaty_e.htm
: For the purposes of Articles II and V, the terms "territorial" and
: "territories" shall mean in respect of the Republic of China, Taiwan and the
: Pescadores: and in respect of the United States of America, the island
: territories in the West Pacific under its jurisdiction. The provisions of
: Articles II and V will be applicable to such other territories as may be
: determined by mutual agreement.

: (wiki翻譯: 第二條及第五條所規定的適用上，所謂「領土」及「領域」，中華民國是指 台灣及澎湖
: 諸島 ，北美合眾國是指在其管轄下的西太平洋屬領諸島。第二條及第五條的規定，也適
: 用於互相同意所決定的其他領域。)
: ※ 引述《smartnick (司馬特尼克)》之銘言：
你最好去看中國共同防禦條約的英文版寫什麼,
再來下結論,

http://www.taiwandocuments.org/mutual01.htm

Article 2

In order more effectively to achieve the objective of this Treaty, the
Parties separately and jointly by self-help and mutual aid will maintain and
develop their individual and collective capacity to resist armed attack and
communist subversive activities directed from without against their
territorial integrity and political stability.

Article 5

Each Party recognizes that an armed attack in the West Pacific Area
directed against the territories of either of the Parties would be dangerous
to its own peace and safety and declares that it would act to meet the common
danger in accordance with its constitutional processes.
Any such armed attack and all measures taken as a result thereof shall be
immediately reported to the Security Council of the United Nations. Such
measures shall be terminated when the Security Council has taken the measures
necessary to restore and maintain international peace and security.



Article 6

For the purposes of Articles 2 and 5, the terms "territorial" and
"territories" shall mean in respect of the Republic of China, Taiwan and the
Pescadores; and in respect of the United States of America, the island
territories in the West Pacific under its jurisdiction. The provisions of
Articles 2 and 5 will be applicable to such other territories as may be
determined by mutual agreement.

我前面PO的一個網址也有詳細解說,
中美共同防禦條約寫的意義,
還有當時的歷史事實,

根據國際法慣例,
真正沒有主權轉移問題的寫法,

1 明顯寫將領土割讓與誰?

如馬關條約裡面寫的

2 明顯的寫主權獨立,

例如舊金山條約第二條a項寫的日本承認朝鮮的獨立

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中華民國是流亡政府這是在1949年到1951年的事實,
中華民國是依據1945年的第一號命令軍事佔領台灣,
但不代表他擁有台灣的主權.
也就是說他只是受美國委託代為佔領的"次要佔領政權"而已,
而美國是"主要佔領權國",
這也是在舊金山合約23條有寫的,
在二次大戰太平洋戰爭的戰功是最大的.

Article 23

1. The present Treaty shall be ratified by the States which sign it,
including Japan, and will come into force for all the States which have then
ratified it, when instruments of ratification have been deposited by Japan
and by a majority, including the United States of America as the principal
occupying Power, of the following States, namely Australia, Canada, Ceylon,
France, Indonesia, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, New Zealand, Pakistan, the
Republic of the Philippines, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland, and the United States of America. The present Treaty shall come into
force of each State which subsequently ratifies it, on the date of the
deposit of its instrument of ratification.

2. If the Treaty has not come into force within nine months after the date
of the deposit of Japan's ratification, any State which has ratified it may
bring the Treaty into force between itself and Japan by a notification to
that effect given to the Governments of Japan and the United States of
America not later than three years after the date of deposit of Japan's
ratification.


第 23 條　【批准、生效】

1. 本條約之簽署國，包括日本在內，應經國會批准。本條約自日本之批准文書、以及
包含做為主要佔領國的美利堅合眾國之下述多數批准國送達之後，將對所有批准國家生效
，包括澳洲、加拿大、錫蘭、法國、印尼、荷蘭王國、紐西蘭、巴基斯坦、菲律賓共和國
、大不列顛王國與北愛爾蘭，以及美利堅合眾國。本條約應自個別國家之批准書送達後，
對該批准國家個別生效。


2. 若本條約在日本批准文書送達後九個月內未生效，在任一批准國之正式通告日本政
府與美國政府後，本條約在日本與該批准國間逕自生效。但此正式通告應於日本之批准書
送達後三年內為之。


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